SELECT DISTINCT s.created_at, s.updated_at FROM statuses s
LEFT JOIN statuses r ON r.reblog_of_id = s.id
WHERE
r.reblog_of_id IS NULL AND
s.created_at BETWEEN '2020-07-03 00:00' AND '2020-07-04 12:00' AND
s.updated_at BETWEEN '2020-07-03 00:00' AND '2020-07-04 12:00' AND
s.uri LIKE 'https://mstdn.jp/%';
こんな感じのクエリでデータを作ってます。36時間分の抽出にm弊ぼっちのStandard-0のHeroku Postgresで完了まで今回は32秒。